summary journal [Phototropism: Bending towards Enlightenment]

Phototropism: Bending towards Enlightenment

This journal is about research on phototropism, hormone auxin and the identification of the phototropin photoreceptors. Phototropism is directional growth in which the direction of growth is determined by the direction of the light source. Positive phototropism is a growth towards a light source, while growth away from light is called negative phototropism. Most plant shoots exhibit positive phototropism, while roots usually exhibit negative phototropism. Different organs of the plant may exhibit different phototropic reactions to different wavelengths of light. The light stimulates the movement of auxin to the shaded side of the hypocotyl. Phototropism is caused by differential carotenoid-mediated auxin inactivation. carotenoids (proposed phototropism photoreceptors) participate in photoinactivation of auxin.Phototropism is strongest toward blue light. Auxin Response Factor is function as transcriptional regulators whose activity is inhibited by binding to proteins under low light conditions such as red light or ethylene also promote phototropism by controlling the expression of genes containing auxin response elements. Eight genes with differential transcript accumulation across phototropic-stimulated involved in cell wall extension. Auxins are compounds that positively influence cell enlargement, bud formation and root initiation. They also promote the production of other hormones and in conjunction with cytokinins, they control the growth of stems, roots, flowers and fruits. Auxins were the first class of growth regulators discovered. They affect cell elongation by altering cell wall plasticity. Auxins decrease in light and increase were its dark. More auxin flows down the dark side, meaning that it grows faster than the exposed side of the plant. This unequal or one-sided growth (also called differential growth) cause bending of the plant toward the light source. The interaction of plants hormones and photoreceptors contributes to plant development.The genes encoding for AUX/IAA proteins also contain this AuxRE, a negative feedback loop involving the up regulation of AUX/IAA proteins may participate in the progression of normal phototropism.